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Coup of the Volunteers
The Coup of the Volunteers was a stand-off that occurred in 1993 in Lithuania near Kaunas between the group SKAT (''Savanoriškoji krašto apsaugos tarnyba'' - "Voluntary National Defense Service"), which had been formed during the period when Lithuania was winning back its independence from Russia, and some forces loyal to the newly elected Democratic Labour Party of Lithuania (LDDP).
Although it concluded peacefully, the stand-off led Lithuania to the brink of civil war just after its first democratic elections, which would have played into Russia's political and military goals in the region.
==Background==
The group called SKAT was established when Lithuania attempted to reclaim its independence from the Soviet Union in 1990. The unit was formed when a group of young volunteers agreed to serve without pay and were sworn in. At that time, the Soviet army still had full control over Lithuania. On March 11, 1990, Lithuania declared its independence. The Soviet Union responded by imposing an economic blockade and later by using military force in events of January 1991. The volunteers, as well as unarmed civilians, played a role in defending Lithuanian government institutions.
In 1992, the LDDP, the former Communist Party of Lithuania, won a majority in the country's first democratic elections and formed the government. At the time, Lithuania's military was still very weak, and Russian troops were still in the country despite the end of Soviet domination. The volunteers were seen as disloyal to the new, formerly communist government, so there were plans to dissolve the SKAT. Funding was reduced, not enough weapons and uniforms were provided, and several incidents between SKAT and the police took place, with the volunteer group portrayed as criminals.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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